Military Dictionary (Letter Group N)

See times.

The geographical area where information that will satisfy a specific information requirement can be collected. Named areas of interest are usually selected to capture indications of adversary courses of action, but also may be related to conditions of the battlespace. Also called NAI. See also area of interest. (JP 2-01.3)

See terrain flight.

1. Powdered aluminum soap or similar compound used to gelatinize oil or gasoline for use in napalm bombs or flame throwers. 2. The resultant gelatinized substance.

Terrorism conducted to further the aims of drug traffickers. It may include assassinations, extortion, hijackings, bombings, and kidnappings directed against judges, prosecutors, elected officials, or law enforcement agents, and general disruption of a legitimate government to divert attention from drug operations. (JP 3-07.4)

Civil and/or military assistance rendered to a nation by foreign forces within that nation?s territory during peacetime, crises or emergencies, or war based on agreements mutually concluded between nations. Nation assistance programs include, but are not limited to, security assistance, foreign internal defense, other Title 10, US Code programs, and activities performed on a reimbursable basis by Federal agencies or intergovernmental organizations. (JP 3-0)

A broad and comprehensive system of civilian and military capabilities and organizations that provides the President and Secretary of Defense and combatant commanders with rapid global mobility. This system effectively integrates the management of airlift, air refueling, and air mobility support assets, processes, and procedures into an integrated whole. Also called NAMS. See also airlift; air mobility; air refueling. (JP 3-17)

The examination and control under civil authority of communications entering, leaving, or transiting the borders of the United States, its territories, or its possessions. See also censorship.

The telecommunications system that results from the technical and operational integration of the separate telecommunications systems of the several executive branch departments and agencies having a significant telecommunications capability. Also called NCS.

The infrastructure and assets vital to a nation?s security, governance, public health and safety, economy, and public confidence. They include telecommunications, electrical power systems, gas and oil distribution and storage, water supply systems, banking and finance, transportation, emergency services, industrial assets, information systems, and continuity of government operations. Also called NCI&KA. (JP 3-26)

An area established on non-Federal lands located within the United States or its possessions or territories for the purpose of safeguarding classified defense information or protecting Department of Defense (DOD) equipment and/or materiel. Establishment of a national defense area temporarily places such non-Federal lands under the effective control of the Department of Defense and results only from an emergency event. The senior DOD representative at the scene will define the boundary, mark it with a physical barrier, and post warning signs. The landowner?s consent and cooperation will be obtained whenever possible; however, military necessity will dictate the final decision regarding location, shape, and size of the national defense area. Also called NDA.

1. Including the Ready Reserve Force, a fleet composed of ships acquired and maintained by the Maritime Administration (MARAD) for use in mobilization or emergency. 2. Less the Ready Reserve Force, a fleet composed of the older dry cargo ships, tankers, troop transports, and other assets in MARAD?s custody that are maintained at a relatively low level of readiness. They are acquired by MARAD from commercial ship operators under the provisions of the Merchant Marine Act of 1936 and are available only on mobilization or congressional declaration of an emergency. Because the ships are maintained in a state of minimum preservation, activation requires 30 to 90 days and extensive shipyard work, for many. Also called NDRF. See also Ready Reserve Force. (JP 3-02.2)

A document approved by the Secretary of Defense for applying the Armed Forces of the United States in coordination with Department of Defense agencies and other instruments of national power to achieve national security strategy objectives. Also called NDS. (JP 3-0)

A condition declared by the President or the Congress by virtue of powers previously vested in them that authorize certain emergency actions to be undertaken in the national interest. Action to be taken may include partial, full, or total mobilization of national resources. See also mobilization.

The nationwide interconnection of communications networks, computers, databases, and consumer electronics that make vast amounts of information available to users. The national information infrastructure encompasses a wide range of equipment, including cameras, scanners, keyboards, facsimile machines, computers, switches, compact disks, video and audio tape, cable, wire, satellites, fiber-optic transmission lines, networks of all types, televisions, monitors, printers, and much more. The friendly and adversary personnel who make decisions and handle the transmitted information constitute a critical component of the national information infrastructure. Also called NII. See also defense information infrastructure; global information infrastructure; information. (JP 3-13)

(*) Infrastructure provided and financed by a NATO member in its own territory solely for its own forces (including those forces assigned to or designated for NATO). See also infrastructure.

The terms ?national intelligence? and ?intelligence related to the national security? each refers to all intelligence, regardless of the source from which derived and including information gathered within or outside of the United States, which pertains, as determined consistent with any guidelines issued by the President, to the interests of more than one department or agency of the Government; and that involves (a) threats to the United States, its people, property, or interests; (b) the development, proliferation, or use of weapons of mass destruction; or (c) any other matter bearing on United States national or homeland security. (JP 2-01.2)

A strategic estimate of the capabilities, vulnerabilities, and probable courses of action of foreign nations produced at the national level as a composite of the views of the intelligence community. Also called NIE.

A nationally sourced team composed of intelligence and communications experts from either Defense Intelligence Agency, Central Intelligence Agency, National Security Agency, or any combination of these agencies. Also called NIST. See also intelligence; national intelligence. (JP 2-0)

Basic intelligence studies produced on a coordinated interdepartmental basis and concerned with characteristics, basic resources, and relatively unchanging natural features of a foreign country or other area.

The priority component of the Global Command and Control System designed to support the President, Secretary of Defense and Joint Chiefs of Staff in the exercise of their responsibilities. Also called NMCS. (JP 6-0)

The national-level focal point for all defense intelligence activities in support of joint operations. Also called NMJIC. See also intelligence; joint intelligence center. (JP 2-01)

A document approved by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for distributing and applying military power to attain national security strategy and national defense strategy objectives. Also called NMS. See also national security strategy; strategy; theater strategy. (JP 3-0)

A broad course of action or statements of guidance adopted by the government at the national level in pursuit of national objectives.

A Department of Defense agency tasked to ensure that the United States has the technology and spaceborne and airborne assets needed to acquire intelligence worldwide, including support to such functions as monitoring of arms control agreements, indications and warning, and the planning and conducting of military operations. This mission is accomplished through research and development, acquisition, and operation of spaceborne and airborne intelligence data collection systems. Also called NRO. (JP 2-0)

A collective term encompassing both national defense and foreign relations of the United States. Specifically, the condition provided by: a. a military or defense advantage over any foreign nation or group of nations; b. a favorable foreign relations position; or c. a defense posture capable of successfully resisting hostile or destructive action from within or without, overt or covert. See also security.

The senior theater or military command representative of the Director, National Security Agency/Chief, Central Security Service in a specific country or military command headquarters who provides the Director, National Security Agency, with information on command plans requiring cryptologic support. The National Security Agency/Central Security Service representative serves as a special advisor to the combatant commander for cryptologic matters, to include signals intelligence, communications security, and computer security. Also called NCR. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2)

A governmental body specifically designed to assist the President in integrating all spheres of national security policy. The President, Vice President, Secretary of State, and Secretary of Defense are statutory members. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; Director, Central Intelligence Agency; and the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs serve as advisers. Also called NSC.

The foundation for the development of valid national objectives that define US goals or purposes. National security interests include preserving US political identity, framework, and institutions; fostering economic well-being; and bolstering international order supporting the vital interests of the United States and its allies.

A document approved by the President of the United States for developing, applying, and coordinating the instruments of national power to achieve objectives that contribute to national security. Also called NSS. See also national military strategy; strategy; theater strategy. (JP 3-0)

(*) The organization within each Allied government responsible in time of war for the direction of its own merchant shipping. Also called NSA. (JP 4-01.2)

The 13-digit stock number replacing the 11-digit Federal Stock Number. It consists of the 4-digit Federal Supply Classification code and the 9-digit National Item Identification Number. The National Item Identification Number consists of a 2-digit National Codification Bureau number designating the central cataloging office (whether North Atlantic Treaty Organization or other friendly country) that assigned the number and a 7-digit (xxx-xxxx) nonsignificant number. The number shall be arranged as follows: 9999-00-999-9999. Also called NSN.

Any national organization or activity that supports national forces that are a part of a multinational force. Their mission is nation-specific support to units and common support that is retained by the nation. Also called NSE. See also multinational force; support. (JP 0-2)

An emergency situation posing significant danger to life and property that results from a natural cause. See also domestic emergencies. (JP 3-07.6)

See hydrographic chart.

A measure of distance equal to one minute of arc on the Earth?s surface. The United States has adopted the international nautical mile equal to 1,852 meters or 6,076.11549 feet. Also called nm.

(*) An outline chart, devoid of hydrographic information, of a specific scale and projection, usually portraying a graticule and compass rose, designed to be ancillary to standard nautical charts, and produced either as an individual chart or a part of a coordinated series.

An overseas location used as the primary transshipment point in the theater of operations for logistic support. A naval advanced logistic support site possesses full capabilities for storage, consolidation, and transfer of supplies and for support of forward-deployed units (including replacements units) during major contingency and wartime periods. Naval advanced logistic support sites, with port and airfield facilities in close proximity, are located within the theater of operations but not near the main battle areas, and must possess the throughput capacity required to accommodate incoming and outgoing intertheater airlift and sealift. When fully activated, the naval advanced logistic support site should consist of facilities and services provided by the host nation, augmented by support personnel located in the theater of operations, or both. Also called NALSS or Naval ALSS. See also logistic support; naval forward logistic site; support; theater of operations. (JP 3-35)

A naval base primarily for support of the forces afloat, contiguous to a port or anchorage, consisting of activities or facilities for which the Navy has operating responsibilities, together with interior lines of communications and the minimum surrounding area necessary for local security. (Normally, not greater than an area of 40 square miles.) See also base complex.

A permanently organized naval command within an amphibious force comprised of a commander and staff, a beachmaster unit, an amphibious construction battalion, and assault craft units, designed to provide an administrative group from which required naval tactical components may be made available to the attack force commander and to the amphibious landing force commander. Also called NBG. See also shore party.

Coastal sea control, harbor defense, and port security, executed both in coastal areas outside the United States in support of national policy and in the United States as part of this Nation?s defense. Also called NCW. (JP 3-10)

An officer designated to conduct naval coastal warfare missions within a designated operational area. Also called NCWC. (JP 3-10)

The combined construction units of the Navy, including primarily the mobile construction battalions and the amphibious construction battalions. These units are part of the operating forces and represent the Navy?s capability for advanced base construction. Also called NCF.

Control exercised by naval authorities of movement, routing, reporting, convoy organization, and tactical diversion of allied merchant shipping. It does not include the employment or active protection of such shipping. Also called NCAPS. (JP 4-01.2)

A naval officer appointed to form merchant convoys and control and coordinate the routing and movements of such convoys, independently sailed merchant ships, and hospital ships in and out of a port or base. (JP 4-01.2)

The organization within the Navy which carries out the specific responsibilities of the Chief of Naval Operations to provide for the control and protection of movements of merchant ships in time of war. Also called NCAPS organization. (JP 4-01.2)

Military operations mounted from the sea, usually on short notice, consisting of forward deployed, or rapidly deployable, self-sustaining naval forces tailored to achieve a clearly stated objective. Also called NEW. See also expedition. (JP 3-33)

An overseas location, with port and airfield facilities nearby, which provides logistic support to naval forces within the theater of operations during major contingency and wartime periods. Naval forward logistic sites may be located in close proximity to main battle areas to permit forward staging of services, throughput of high priority cargo, advanced maintenance, and battle damage repair. Naval forward logistic sites are linked to in-theater naval advanced logistic support sites by intratheater airlift and sealift, but may also serve as transshipment points for intertheater movement of high-priority cargo into areas of direct combat. In providing fleet logistic support, naval forward logistic site capabilities may range from very austere to near those of a naval advanced logistic support site. Also called NFLS or Naval FLS. See also logistic support; naval advanced logistic support site; staging. (JP 3-35)

(*) The agency established in a ship to control the execution of plans for the employment of naval gunfire, process requests for naval gunfire support, and to allot ships to forward observers. Ideally located in the same ship as the supporting arms coordination center.

The unit of a shore fire control party that designates targets; controls commencement, cessation, rate, and types of fire; and spots fire on the target. See also field artillery observer; spotter.

Fire provided by Navy surface gun systems in support of a unit or units tasked with achieving the commander?s objectives. A subset of naval surface fire support. Also called NGFS. See also naval surface fire support. (JP 3-09)

A team of naval personnel organized, trained, and equipped to support maritime special operations by providing weather, oceanography, mapping, charting, and geodesy support. Also called NMET. (JP 3-05)

1. A naval action (or the performance of a naval mission) that may be strategic, operational, tactical, logistic, or training. 2. The process of carrying on or training for naval combat in order to gain the objectives of any battle or campaign.

An air base for support of naval or Marine air units, consisting of landing strips, seaplane alighting areas, and all components of related facilities for which the Navy or Marine Corps has operating responsibilities, together with interior lines of communications and the minimum surrounding area necessary for local security. (Normally, not greater than an area of 20 square miles.) See also base complex.

The authority established at a port or port complex to coordinate arrangements for logistic support and harbor services to ships under naval control and to otherwise support the naval control of shipping organization.

A designated naval warfare specialty that conducts operations in the coastal, riverine, and maritime environments. Naval special warfare emphasizes small, flexible, mobile units operating under, on, and from the sea. These operations are characterized by stealth, speed, and precise, violent application of force. Also called NSW. (JP 3-05)

Those Active and Reserve Component Navy forces designated by the Secretary of Defense that are specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. Also called NSW forces or NAVSOF. (JP 3-05.2)

A permanent Navy echelon III major command to which most naval special warfare forces are assigned for some operational and all administrative purposes. It consists of a group headquarters with command and control, communications, and support staff; sea-air-land teams; and sea-air-land team delivery vehicle teams. Also called NSWG. (JP 3-05.1)

The Navy special operations component of a unified or subordinate unified command or joint special operations task force. Also called NAVSOC. (JP 3-05)

A provisional subordinate element of a naval special warfare task unit, employed to extend the command and control and support capabilities of its parent task unit. Also called NSWTE. See also naval special warfare task unit. (JP 3-05.1)

A provisional naval special warfare organization that plans, conducts, and supports special operations in support of fleet commanders and joint force special operations component commanders. Also called NSWTG. (JP 3-05.1)

A provisional subordinate unit of a naval special warfare task group. Also called NSWTU. See also naval special warfare task group. (JP 3-05.1)

A permanent Navy organization forward based to control and support attached naval special warfare forces. Also called NSWU. (JP 3-05.1)

(*)Any articles or commodities used by a naval ship or station, such as equipment; consumable supplies; clothing; petroleum, oils, and lubricants; medical supplies; and ammunition.

(*) A sea area assigned to naval ships detailed to support an amphibious operation. See also fire support area.

Fire provided by Navy surface gun and missile systems in support of a unit or units. Also called NSFS. See also fire support. (JP 3-09.3)

A complex of data inputs, user consoles, converters, adapters, and radio terminals interconnected with high-speed, general-purpose computers and its stored programs. Combat data is collected, processed, and composed into a picture of the overall tactical situation that enables the force commander to make rapid, accurate evaluations and decisions.

A transshipment point on a waterway where loads are transferred between water carriers and land carriers. A navigation head is similar in function to a railhead or truckhead.

In a flight control system, a control mode in which the flight path of an aircraft is automatically maintained by signals from navigation equipment.

(*) A series of straight lines, superimposed over a conformal projection and indicating grid north, used as an aid to navigation. The interval of the grid lines is generally a multiple of 60 or 100 nautical miles. See also military grid.

A mobile logistic support unit capable of worldwide deployment in its entirety or in specialized detachments. It is organized, trained, and equipped to: a. load and offload Navy and Marine Corps cargo carried in maritime pre-positioning ships and merchant breakbulk or container ships in all environments; b. operate an associated temporary ocean cargo terminal; c. load and offload Navy and Marine Corps cargo carried in military-controlled aircraft; and d. operate an associated expeditionary air cargo terminal. Also called NCHB or Navy CHB. Two sources of Navy cargo handling battalions are: a. Navy cargo handling and port group ? The active duty, cargo handling, battalion-sized unit composed solely of active duty personnel. Also called NAVCHAPGRU. b. Naval Reserve cargo handling battalion ? A reserve cargo handling battalion composed solely of selected reserve personnel. Also called NRCHB. See also maritime pre-positioning ships. (JP 4-01.6)

The combined cargo handling units of the Navy, including primarily the Navy cargo handling and port group, the Naval Reserve cargo handling training battalion, and the Naval Reserve cargo handling battalion. These units are part of the operating forces and represent the Navy?s capability for open ocean cargo handling. Also called NCHF. See also Navy cargo handling battalion.

The Navy component of a joint force special operations component. Also called NAVSOC. See also Air Force special operations component; Army special operations component. (JP 3-05.1)

The maritime pre-positioning force element that is composed of naval beach group staff and subordinate unit personnel, a detachment of Navy cargo handling force personnel, and other Navy components, as required. It is tasked with conducting the off-load and ship-to-shore movement of maritime pre-positioned equipment and/or supplies. Also called NSE. (JP 3-02.2)

See tactical air control center. (JP 3-09.3)

Combatant commander-controlled airlift assets deemed essential for providing air transportation in support of naval operations? transportation requirements. This capability is intended to provide a balance and supplement to other airlift assets to ensure the Navy?s ability to respond to emergency and wartime requirements. Also called NUFEA. (JP 3-17)

Any circumstance in flight where the degree of separation between two aircraft is considered by either pilot to have constituted a hazardous situation involving potential risk of collision.

(*) Pertaining to the timeliness of data or information which has been delayed by the time required for electronic communication and automatic data processing. This implies that there are no significant delays. Also called NRT. See also real time.

(*) The lines that bound the body of a map, usually parallels and meridians. See also graticule.

A criterion used in security procedures that requires the custodians of classified information to establish, prior to disclosure, that the intended recipient must have access to the information to perform his or her official duties.

Measures to deceive, disrupt, deny, degrade, or destroy an adversary?s space systems and services or any other space system or service used by an adversary that is hostile to US national interests. See also space control. (JP 3-14)

The period during which the pressure falls below ambient and then returns to the ambient value. See also positive phase of the shock wave.

(*) The plane in which a film or plate lies at the moment of exposure.

A degree of risk where personnel are reasonably safe, with the exceptions of dazzle or temporary loss of night vision. See also emergency risk (nuclear).

Preassembled package of selected maps, charts, and other geographic materials of various scales to support the planning and conduct of noncombatant evacuation operations in selected countries or areas. See also noncombatant evacuation operations; noncombatant evacuees. (JP 3-07.5)

(*) A potentially lethal chemical agent which interferes with the transmission of nerve impulses.

An organization of stations capable of direct communications on a common channel or frequency.

(*) A call sign which represents all stations within a net. See also call sign.

A communications station designated to control traffic and enforce circuit discipline within a given net. Also called NCS.

The actual weight in pounds of explosive mixtures or compounds, including the trinitrotoluene equivalent of energetic material, that is used in determination of explosive limits and explosive quantity data arcs. Also called NEW. (JP 4-09)

That portion of the total materiel assets that is designated to meet the materiel inventory objective. It consists of the total materiel assets less the peacetime materiel consumption and losses through normal appropriation and procurement leadtime periods.

(*) In naval mine warfare, a two-ship sweep, using a netlike device, designed to collect drifting mines or scoop them up from the sea bottom.

Weight of a ground vehicle without fuel, engine oil, coolant, on-vehicle materiel, cargo, or operating personnel.

Patterns of clandestine organization, especially for operational purposes. Net is the broadest of the three; it usually involves: a. a succession of echelons; and b. such functional specialists as may be required to accomplish its mission. When it consists largely or entirely of nonstaff employees, it may be called an agent net. Chain focuses attention upon the first of these elements; it is commonly defined as a series of agents and informants who receive instructions from and pass information to a principal agent by means of cutouts and couriers. Cell system emphasizes a variant of the first element of net; its distinctive feature is the grouping of personnel into small units that are relatively isolated and self-contained. In the interest of maximum security for the organization as a whole, each cell has contact with the rest of the organization only through an agent of the organization and a single member of the cell. Others in the cell do not know the agent, and nobody in the cell knows the identities or activities of members of other cells.

Activities conducted to operate and defend the Global Information Grid. Also called NETOPS. (JP 6-0)

In combat and combat support operations, an identity applied to a track whose characteristics, behavior, origin, or nationality indicate that it is neither supporting nor opposing friendly forces. See also hostile; suspect; unknown.

In international law, a state that pursues a policy of neutrality during war. See also neutrality.

In international law, the attitude of impartiality during periods of war adopted by third states toward a belligerent and subsequently recognized by the belligerent, which creates rights and duties between the impartial states and the belligerent. In a United Nations enforcement action, the rules of neutrality apply to impartial members of the United Nations except so far as they are excluded by the obligation of such members under the United Nations Charter.

(*) In mine warfare, a mine is said to be neutralized when it has been rendered, by external means, incapable of firing on passage of a target, although it may remain dangerous to handle.

Fire which is delivered to render the target ineffective or unusable. See also fire.

1. As pertains to military operations, to render ineffective or unusable. 2. To render enemy personnel or material incapable of interfering with a particular operation. 3. To render safe mines, bombs, missiles, and boobytraps. 4. To make harmless anything contaminated with a chemical agent.

(*) Radioactivity induced in the ground or an object as a result of direct irradiation by neutrons.

An individual employed by a civilian radio or television station, newspaper, newsmagazine, periodical, or news agency to gather and report on a newsworthy event. Also called NMR. See also public affairs. (JP 3-61)

A combination of two separate unclassified words that is assigned an unclassified meaning and is employed only for unclassified administrative, morale, or public information purposes.

(*) An effect mainly caused by variations in the state of polarization of reflected waves, which sometimes result in errors in direction finding bearings. The effect is most frequent at nightfall.

Any electro-optical device that is used to detect visible and infrared energy and provide a visible image. Night vision goggles, forward-looking infrared, thermal sights, and low-light level television are night vision devices. Also called NVD. See also forward-looking infrared; night vision goggles(s). (JP 3-09.3)

An electro-optical image intensifying device that detects visible and near-infrared energy, intensifies the energy, and provides a visible image for night viewing. Night vision goggles can be either hand-held or helmet-mounted. Also called NVG. See also night vision device. (JP 3-09.3)

An area designated by the appropriate commander into which fires or their effects are prohibited. Also called NFA. See also fires. (JP 3-09.3)

(*) A line short of which artillery or ships do not fire except on request or approval of the supported commander, but beyond which they may fire at any time without danger to friendly troops.

A list of geographic areas, complexes, or installations not planned for capture or destruction. Attacking these may violate the law of armed conflict or interfere with friendly relations with indigenous personnel or governments. Also called NSL. See also law of armed conflict. (JP 3-60)

See air position.

1. A location in a mobility system where a movement requirement is originated, processed for onward movement, or terminated. 2. In communications and computer systems, the physical location that provides terminating, switching, and gateway access services to support information exchange. 3. An element of a system that represents a person, place, or physical thing. (JP 3-0)

(*) A filter capable of cutting off a nominated minimum percentage by weight of solid particles greater than a stated micron size.

(*) An approximate value of the focal length, rounded off to some standard figure, used for the classification of lenses, mirrors, or cameras.

See principal scale; scale.

(*) A nuclear weapon producing a yield of approximately 20 kilotons. See also kiloton weapon; megaton weapon; subkiloton weapon.

(*) In approach and landing systems, a final approach in which the nominal flight path is not a straight line.

(*) A publication which bears no register number and for which periodic accounting is not required.

A containership that does not have a built-in capability to load or off-load containers, and requires a port crane or craneship service. Also called NSSCS. See also containership; self-sustaining containership. (JP 4-01.7)

(*) A special naval chart, at a scale of 1:100,000 to 1:1,000,000, showing bathymetry, bottom characteristics, wreck data, and non-submarine contact data for coastal and off-shore waters. It is designed for use in conducting submarine and antisubmarine warfare operations. Also called non-sub contact chart.

A time-phased force and deployment data file entry for non-unit-related cargo and personnel. Characteristics include using and providing organization, type of movement, routing data, cargo category, weight, volume, area required, and number of personnel requiring transportation.

All equipment and supplies requiring transportation to an operational area, other than those identified as the equipment or accompanying supplies of a specific unit (e.g., resupply, military support for allies, and support for nonmilitary programs, such as civil relief). Also called NURC.

All personnel requiring transportation to or from an operational area, other than those assigned to a specific unit (e.g., filler personnel; replacements; temporary duty/temporary additional duty personnel; civilians; medical evacuees; and retrograde personnel). Also called NRP or NUP.

Includes all armed forces of states other than US forces. US forces may act in defense of non-US forces when so designated by the President or Secretary of Defense.

That which is not transportable by air by virtue of dimension, weight, or special characteristics or restrictions.

A state that pursues a policy of nonalignment.

The political attitude of a state that does not associate or identify itself with the political ideology or objective espoused by other states, groups of states, or international causes, or with the foreign policies stemming therefrom. It does not preclude involvement, but expresses the attitude of no precommitment to a particular state (or block) or policy before a situation arises.

Funds generated by DOD military and civilian personnel and their dependents and used to augment funds appropriated by the Congress to provide a comprehensive, morale-building welfare, religious, educational, and recreational program, designed to improve the well-being of military and civilian personnel and their dependents.

A person who becomes a casualty due to circumstances not directly attributable to hostile action or terrorist activity. Also called NBI.

Operations directed by the Department of State or other appropriate authority, in conjunction with the Department of Defense, whereby noncombatants are evacuated from foreign countries when their lives are endangered by war, civil unrest, or natural disaster to safe havens or to the United States. Also called NEOs. See also evacuation; NEOPACK; noncombatant evacuees; operation; safe haven. (JP 3-0)

1. US citizens who may be ordered to evacuate by competent authority include: a. civilian employees of all agencies of the US Government and their dependents, except as noted in 2a below; b. military personnel of the US Armed Forces specifically designated for evacuation as noncombatants; and c. dependents of members of the US Armed Forces. 2. US (and non-US) citizens who may be authorized or assisted (but not necessarily ordered to evacuate) by competent authority include: a. civilian employees of US Government agencies and their dependents, who are residents in the country concerned on their own volition, but express the willingness to be evacuated; b. private US citizens and their dependents; c. military personnel and dependents of members of the US Armed Forces outlined in 1c above, short of an ordered evacuation; and d. designated aliens, including dependents of persons listed in 1a through 1c above, as prescribed by the Department of State. See also noncombatant evacuation operations. (JP3-07.5)

A facility for which the Service indicated has operating responsibility, but which is not located on, or in the immediate vicinity of, a base complex of that Service. Its area includes only that actually occupied by the facility, plus the minimum surrounding area necessary for close-in security. See also base complex.

Issue demand related to specific periods of time that will not exist after the close of those periods, even though not satisfied during the period.

An account where Reservists (officer and enlisted), either in units or individually, are assigned to a reserve component category or a training/retired category when the individual has not completed initial active duty for training or its equivalent. Reservists in a nondeployable account are not considered as trained strength assigned to units or mobilization positions and are not deployable overseas on land with those units or mobilization positions. See also training pipeline.

Those electronic warfare actions, not including employment of wartime reserve modes, that deny, disrupt, or deceive rather than damage or destroy. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-51)

Supplies not consumed in use that retain their original identity during the period of use, such as weapons, machines, tools, and equipment.

A medical treatment facility designed to be moved from place to place, including medical treatment facilities afloat.

A private, self-governing, not-for-profit organization dedicated to alleviating human suffering; and/or promoting education, health care, economic development, environmental protection, human rights, and conflict resolution; and/or encouraging the establishment of democratic institutions and civil society. Also called NGO. (JP 3-08)

A person who becomes a casualty due to circumstances not directly attributable to hostile action or terrorist activity. Casualties due to the elements, self-inflicted wounds, and combat fatigue are nonhostile casualties. Also called NHCS. See also casualty; casualty type; hostile casualty.

Weapons that are explicitly designed and primarily employed so as to incapacitate personnel or material, while minimizing fatalities, permanent injury to personnel, and undesired damage to property and the environment. a. Unlike conventional lethal weapons that destroy their targets through blast, penetration, and fragmentation, nonlethal weapons employ means other than gross physical destruction to prevent the target from functioning. b. Nonlethal weapons are intended to have one, or both, of the following characteristics: (1) They have relatively reversible effects on personnel or materiel. (2) They affect objects differently within their area of influence.

Unit personnel and cargo for which the transportation source must be an outside agency, normally a component of US Transportation Command.

A chemical agent that when released dissipates and/or loses its ability to cause casualties after 10 to 15 minutes. (JP 3-11)

Radar-controlled approach or an approach flown by reference to navigation aids in which glide slope information is not available. See also final approach; precision approach. (JP 3-04.1)

Individuals without any prior military service, who have not completed basic inactive duty training, and who receive a commission in or enlist directly into an Armed Force of the United States.

Those actions (e.g., diplomacy, arms control, multilateral agreements, threat reduction assistance, and export controls) taken to prevent the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction by dissuading or impeding access to, or distribution of, sensitive technologies, material, and expertise. Also called NP. Seealso counterproliferation. (JP 3-40)

A request by an authorized requisitioner to satisfy a materiel requirement known to be a one-time occurrence. This materiel is required to provide initial stockage allowances, to meet planned program requirements, or to satisfy a one-time project or maintenance requirement. Nonrecurring demands normally will not be considered by the supporting supply system in the development of demand-based elements of the requirements computation.

Units of the landing force held in readiness for landing during the initial unloading period, but not included in either scheduled or on-call waves. This category usually includes certain of the combat support units and most of the combat service support units with higher echelon (division and above) reserve units of the landing force. Their landing is directed when the need ashore can be predicted with a reasonable degree of accuracy.

An item of supply determined by standardization action as not authorized for procurement.

A force requirement identified in a time-phased force and deployment data for which movement characteristics have not been described in the type unit characteristics file. The planner is required to submit detailed movement characteristics for these units.

An item that does not meet the stockage criteria for a given activity, and therefore is not stocked at the particular activity.

Those nuclear-capable forces located in an operational area with a capability to employ nuclear weapons by land, sea, or air forces against opposing forces, supporting installations, or facilities. Such forces may be employed, when authorized by competent authority, to support operations that contribute to the accomplishment of the commander?s mission within the theater of operations.

Charge employing a standard amount of propellant to fire a gun under ordinary conditions, as compared with a reduced charge. See also reduced charge.

See cardinal point effect.

A category of reports used in the dissemination of intelligence, conventionally used for the immediate dissemination of individual items of intelligence. See also intelligence reporting; specialist intelligence report.

(*) Lighting of vehicles as prescribed or authorized by the law of a given country without restrictions for military reasons. See also reduced lighting.

Generally and collectively, the broad functions that a combatant commander undertakes when assigned responsibility for a given geographic or functional area. Except as otherwise qualified in certain unified command plan paragraphs that relate to particular commands, ?normal operations? of a combatant commander include: planning and execution of operations throughout the range of military operations; planning and conduct of cold war activities; planning and administration of military assistance; and maintaining the relationships and exercising the directive or coordinating authority prescribed in JP 0-2 and JP 4-01.

A bi-national command of the US and Canada that provides aerospace surveillance, warning and assessment of aerospace attack, and maintains the sovereignty of US and Canadian airspace. Also called NORAD.

Material condition indicating that systems and equipment are not capable of performing any of their assigned missions because of maintenance requirements. Also called NMCM. See also not mission capable, supply.

Material condition indicating that systems and equipment are not capable of performing any of their assigned missions because of maintenance work stoppage due to a supply shortage. Also called NMCS. See also not mission capable, maintenance.

The casualty status of a person whose injury may or may not require hospitalization; medical authority does not classify as very seriously injured, seriously injured, or incapacitating illness or injury; and the person can communicate with the next of kin. Also called NSI. See also casualty status.

A notice containing information concerning the establishment, condition, or change in any aeronautical facility, service, procedures, or hazard, the timely knowledge of which is essential to personnel concerned with flight operations. Also called NOTAM.

A theoretical or average ship of any one category used in transportation planning (e.g., a Liberty ship for dry cargo; a T-2 tanker for bulk petroleum, oils, and lubricants; a personnel transport of 2,400 troop spaces).

See nuclear weapon(s) accident.

(*) The explosion of a nuclear weapon in the air, at a height greater than the maximum radius of the fireball. See also types of burst.

(*) Desirable damage or casualties produced by the effects from friendly nuclear weapons that cannot be accurately calculated in targeting as the uncertainties involved preclude depending on them for a militarily significant result.

See types of burst.

(*) Indicates a unit or vehicle possessing the potential of passing functional tests and inspections of all normal and emergency systems affecting the nuclear weapons.

See nuclear certified delivery unit; nuclear certified delivery vehicle.

(*) Any level of organization and support elements which are capable of executing nuclear missions in accordance with appropriate bilateral arrangements and NATO directives. See also nuclear delivery unit.

(*) A delivery vehicle whose compatibility with a nuclear weapon has been certified by the applicable nuclear power through formal procedures. See also nuclear delivery vehicle.

(*) An all-inclusive term for the volume of hot gases, smoke, dust, and other particulate matter from the nuclear bomb itself and from its environment, which is carried aloft in conjunction with the rise of the fireball produced by the detonation of the nuclear weapon.

Undesired damage or casualties produced by the effects from friendly nuclear weapons.

(*) A hollow cylinder of water and spray thrown up from an underwater burst of a nuclear weapon, through which the hot, high-pressure gases formed in the explosion are vented to the atmosphere. A somewhat similar column of dirt is formed in an underground explosion.

(*) A statement by a NATO member that specific forces have been committed or will be committed to NATO in a nuclear only or dual capable role.

An explosion of a nuclear weapon whose center of energy is at the surface of land or water.

A broad term encompassing all the actions involved with planning nuclear strikes, including liaison between commanders, for the purpose of satisfying support requirements or because of the extension of weapons effects into the territory of another.

(*) 1. Light Damage ? Damage which does not prevent the immediate use of equipment or installations for which it was intended. Some repair by the user may be required to make full use of the equipment or installations. 2. Moderate Damage ? Damage which prevents the use of equipment or installations until extensive repairs are made. 3. Severe Damage ? Damage which prevents use of equipment or installations permanently.

(*) The determination of the damage effect to the population, forces, and resources resulting from actual nuclear attack. It is performed during and after an attack. The operational significance of the damage is not evaluated in this assessment.

(*) The methods, plans, and procedures involved in establishing and exercising defensive measures against the effects of an attack by nuclear weapons or radiological warfare agents. It encompasses both the training for, and the implementation of, these methods, plans, and procedures. See also nuclear, biological, and chemical defense; radiological defense.

(*) Any level of organization capable of employing a nuclear weapon system or systems when the weapon or weapons have been released by proper authority.

(*) That portion of the weapon system which provides the means of delivery of a nuclear weapon to the target.

(*) A system deployed to provide surveillance coverage of critical friendly target areas, and indicate place, height of burst, yield, and ground zero of nuclear detonations. Also called NUDETS.

A nuclear weapon that, when launched at or emplaced on a target, fails to provide any explosion of that part of the weapon designed to produce the nuclear yield.

All forms of energy released in the course of a nuclear fission or nuclear transformation.

The explosion of a nuclear weapon above the sensible atmosphere (above 120 kilometers) where atmospheric interaction is minimal. See also types of burst.

An unexpected event involving a nuclear weapon, facility, or component, resulting in any of the following, but not constituting a nuclear weapon(s) accident: a. an increase in the possibility of explosion or radioactive contamination; b. errors committed in the assembly, testing, loading, or transportation of equipment, and/or the malfunctioning of equipment and materiel which could lead to an unintentional operation of all or part of the weapon arming and/or firing sequence, or which could lead to a substantial change in yield, or increased dud probability; and c. any act of God, unfavorable environment, or condition resulting in damage to the weapon, facility, or component.

Intelligence derived from the collection and analysis of radiation and other effects resulting from radioactive sources. Also called NUCINT. See also intelligence. (JP 2-0)

The transport of nuclear weapons in connection with supply or maintenance operations. Under certain specified conditions, combat aircraft may be used for such movements.

(*) Military nuclear powers and civil nuclear powers.

A condition at a given point in time when opposing forces possess nuclear offensive and defensive systems approximately equal in overall combat effectiveness.

A system composed of personnel, directives, and electronic data processing systems to directly support geographic nuclear combatant commanders in developing, maintaining, and disseminating nuclear operation plans.

An explosion of a nuclear weapon at a height less than the maximum radius of its fireball, but low enough to facilitate cratering and/or the propagation of a shock wave into the ground.

(*) Particulate and electromagnetic radiation emitted from atomic nuclei in various nuclear processes. The important nuclear radiations, from the weapon standpoint, are alpha and beta particles, gamma rays, and neutrons. All nuclear radiations are ionizing radiations, but the reverse is not true; X-rays for example, are included among ionizing radiations, but they are not nuclear radiations since they do not originate from atomic nuclei.

A facility in which fissile material is used in a self-supporting chain reaction (nuclear fission) to produce heat and/or radiation for both practical application and research and development.

See complete round.

(*) A line selected, if possible, to follow well-defined topographical features and used to delineate levels of protective measures, degrees of damage or risk to friendly troops, and/or to prescribe limits to which the effects of friendly weapons may be permitted to extend.

A concept that postulates a situation wherein the relative strength of opposing nuclear forces results in mutual deterrence against employment of nuclear forces.

(*) A warning of impending friendly or suspected enemy nuclear attack.

The use of nuclear weapons against hostile forces in support of friendly air, land, and naval operations. See also immediate nuclear support; preplanned nuclear support.

Artificially induced modification (nuclear reaction) of the constituents of certain nuclei, thus giving rise to different nuclides.

(*) The explosion of a nuclear weapon in which the center of the detonation lies at a point beneath the surface of the ground. See also types of burst.

(*) The explosion of a nuclear weapon in which the center of the detonation lies at a point beneath the surface of the water. See also types of burst.

(*) The estimation of the probable effect on population, forces, and resources from a hypothetical nuclear attack. It is performed predominantly in the preattack period; however, it may be extended to the transattack or postattack periods.

(*) Warfare involving the employment of nuclear weapons. See also postattack period; transattack period.

A warning message that must be disseminated to all affected friendly forces any time a nuclear weapon is to be detonated if effects of the weapon will have impact upon those forces.

(*) A complete assembly (i.e., implosion type, gun type, or thermonuclear type), in its intended ultimate configuration which, upon completion of the prescribed arming, fusing, and firing sequence, is capable of producing the intended nuclear reaction and release of energy.

The degeneration of a nuclear warhead to such an extent that the anticipated nuclear yield is lessened.

(*) The time required for delivery of a nuclear weapon after the decision to fire has been made.

(*) An operation not directly related to immediate operational readiness. It includes removal of a weapon from its normal storage location, preparing for use, delivery to an employment unit, and the movement in a ground training exercise, to include loading aboard an aircraft or missile and return to storage. It may include any or all of the operations listed above, but does not include launching or flying operations. Typical exercises include aircraft generation exercises, ground readiness exercises, ground tactical exercises, and various categories of inspections designed to evaluate the capability of the unit to perform its prescribed mission. See also immediate operational readiness; nuclear weapon maneuver.

(*) An operation not directly related to immediate operational readiness. It may consist of all those operations listed for a nuclear weapon exercise and is extended to include flyaway in combat aircraft, but does not include expenditure of the weapon. Typical maneuvers include nuclear operational readiness maneuvers and tactical air operations. See also immediate operational readiness; nuclear weapon exercise.

An unexpected event involving nuclear weapons or radiological nuclear weapon components that results in any of the following; a. accidental or unauthorized launching, firing, or use by United States forces or United States supported allied forces of a nuclear-capable weapon system that could create the risk of an outbreak of war; b. nuclear detonation; c. nonnuclear detonation or burning of a nuclear weapon or radiological nuclear weapon component; d. radioactive contamination; e. seizure, theft, loss, or destruction of a nuclear weapon or radiological nuclear weapon component, including jettisoning; and f. public hazard, actual or implied.

See military nuclear power.

Materiel, personnel, and procedures that contribute to the security, safety, and reliability of nuclear weapons and to the assurance that there will be no nuclear weapon accidents, incidents, unauthorized weapon detonations, or degradation in performance at the target.

The energy released in the detonation of a nuclear weapon, measured in terms of the kilotons or megatons of trinitrotoluene required to produce the same energy release. Yields are categorized as follows: very low ? less than 1 kiloton; low ? 1 kiloton to 10 kilotons; medium ? over 10 kilotons to 50 kilotons; high ? over 50 kilotons to 500 kilotons; very high ? over 500 kilotons. See also nominal weapon; subkiloton weapon.

See nuclear, biological, and chemical environment. (JP 3-11)

Defensive measures that enable friendly forces to survive, fight, and win against enemy use of nuclear, biological, or chemical (NBC) weapons and agents. US forces apply NBC defensive measures before and during integrated warfare. In integrated warfare, opposing forces employ nonconventional weapons along with conventional weapons (NBC weapons are nonconventional). See also integrated warfare. (JP 3-11)

Environments in which there is deliberate or accidental employment, or threat of employment, of nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons; deliberate or accidental attacks or contamination with toxic industrial materials, including toxic industrial chemicals; or deliberate or accidental attacks or contamination with radiological (radioactive) materials. See also contamination. (JP 3-11)

A nation that has the capability to produce and employ one or more types of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons across the full range of military operations and at any level of war in order to achieve political and military objectives. (JP 3-11)

(*) A minefield laid to delay and disorganize the enemy and to hinder the use of an area or route. See also minefield.

(*) In artillery, term used to indicate a change in status of weapon number _______________.

In amphibious operations, a subdivision of a colored beach, designated for the assault landing of a battalion landing team or similarly sized unit, when landed as part of a larger force. (JP 3-02)

A major tactical unit of the Navy immediately subordinate to a major fleet command and comprising various task forces, elements, groups, and units for the purpose of prosecuting specific naval operations. See also fleet.

See wave.

See scale.

Military Dictionary (Letter Group N)

All official U.S. DoD military terms, and their definitions, beginning with the letter N.