Like other nations following World War 2 (1939-1945), Argentina began to look to the near-future and invest in turbojet-powered aircraft. This brought together a team of experts mainly from Europe, led by Frenchman Emile Dewoitine, to design and develop what would become Argentina's (and South America's) first turbojet-powered platform - the FMA IAe 27 "Pulqui". Despite the European involvement, the design was not a success and only a single prototype was ever built and flown. Manufacture was through the Fabrica Militar de Aviones (FMA) label.
The aircraft was designed as an interceptor-minded, cannon-armed aircraft of single-seat, single-engine arrangement. The approach would include all-modern qualities such as a wholly-retractable tricycle undercarriage and all-metal skin construction. Additionally, there would be a capability for rough-field operations as well as an inherent Short Take-Off (STO) capability. The powerplant of choice became the British Rolls-Royce Derwent V turbojet of 3,600 pounds thrust and this was to a rounded, streamlined fuselage containing a nose-mounted intake, forward-set cockpit (with framed canopy) , and a conventional tail unit - one single vertical fin with low-mounted horizontal planes. The wings were not swept back, however, instead left as straight appendages mounted low against the fuselage sides ahead of midships. Initially these wings featured rounded tips but the finalized form carried squared-off tips. Proposed armament was 4 x 20mm autocannons with a future ability for the wings to mount conventional drop ordnance or rocket-launching rails.
The prototype Pulqui was first flown on August 9th, 1947 but it was soon realized that the design was naturally restricted by inferior performance - especially considering its intended role of interceptor where speed was the primary quality. Range was equally limited as the fuel tanks were forced to be installed into the wing members - the fuselage internal volume being dominated by the engine installation and its applicable ductwork running around the cockpit to the nose intake. Development eventually stalled and was ultimately abandoned as work began on a more promising venture - the FMA IAe 33 "Pulqui II", this design largely based on the World War 2-era Focke-Wulf Ta 183 jet-powered fighter by German engineer Kurt Tank. Tank worked in Argentina prior to his arrival in India to assist in their indigenous jet fighter program.
The FMA IAe 27 prototype, retired from active flight testing in 1951, was saved from the scrap heap and reborn as a preserved showpiece at the National Aeronautics Museum in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
The IAe 27 was given an overall length of 31.8 feet, a wingspan of 37 feet and a height of 11 feet. Its performance included a maximum speed of 445 miles per hour, a range out to 560 miles, and a service ceiling nearing 50,855 feet.
Specifications
Year: 1947
Status Cancelled
Crew 1
Production 1 Units
Fabrica Militar de Aviones (FMA) - Argentina
Argentina
- Interception
- X-Plane / Developmental
Length:
31.82 ft (9.7 m)
Width:
36.91 ft (11.25 m)
Height:
11.15 ft (3.4 m)
Empty Weight:
5,203 lb (2,360 kg)
MTOW:
7,937 lb (3,600 kg)
(Diff: +2,734lb)
(Showcased weight values pertain to the FMA IAe 27 Pulqui (Arrow) production model)
1 x Rolls-Royce Derwent V turbojet engine developing 3,600 pounds of thrust.
Max Speed:
447 mph (720 kph; 389 kts)
Service Ceiling:
50,853 feet (15,500 m; 9.63 miles)
Max Range:
559 miles (900 km; 486 nm)
(Showcased performance values pertain to the FMA IAe 27 Pulqui (Arrow) production model; Compare this aircraft entry against any other in our database)
PROPOSED:
4 x 20mm cannons
Conventional drop bombs and aerial rockets would have figured into production-quality aircraft.
(Showcased armament details pertain to the FMA IAe 27 Pulqui (Arrow) production model)
IAe 27 "Pulqui" - Base Series Designation; sole example completed and test-flown.
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