Advanced jet-powered trainers with secondary strike roles are becoming an ever more growing presence on the modern battlefield due to their initial procurement costs (this usually in some great number), long-term maintenance costs and inherent dual-role functionality. Such aircraft allow a potential operator the ability to train all-new generations of airmen while maintaining a limited attack capability in their fleet of lightweight systems - making them highly appealing to budget-concious interested parties. The Yak-130 (NATO: "Mitten") is Yakovlev's entry into the crowded field, bringing with it a strong company lineage dating back to 1934 and modern-minded modular capabilities that have primarily garnered it the interest of the Russian Air Force to date. Irkut Corporation handles manufacture of the Yak-130 though an export-minded derivative for Western clients is also being developed as the M-346 "Master" under the Alenia Aermacchi brand label of Italy.
One of the key qualities of aircraft systems like the relatively new Yak-130 is the ability to recreate the operating environment and handling of modern fighting jets. For the Russian Air Force, this also includes mimicking the qualities of their upcoming Sukhoi T-50 PAK FA 5th Generation high-performance stealth fighter as well as current 4th Generation mounts already in inventory. The PAK FA stealth fighter is a direct competitor to the American F-22 Raptor and only one of a now-growing number of such aircraft in the world. Similarly, the Chinese are working on their Chengdu J-20 twin engine initiative.
Design of the Yak-130 is highly conventional for aircraft of this class yet wholly modern. The fuselage is well-contoured for the high-performance role, featuring a pointed beak-like nose cone assembly, forward-set cockpit and dual-engine layout. In two-seat versions of the aircraft, the pilots sit in tandem with the student (primary) pilot in the front cockpit and the instructor (secondary) pilot in the rear cockpit. Both benefit from the aircraft's use of a large unobstructed canopy which rewards with excellent vision to all regions of the aircraft save for the slightly blocked rear view due to the fuselage's spine. The wings stem from extended forward root edges along each cockpit side and are lightly-swept along the leading edges and straight along their trailing edges, both assemblies able to support up to 3,000 kilograms of external ordnance with the two innermost hardpoints being plumbed for fuel jettisonable fuel stores. The Yak-130 makes use of a pair of conventional horizontal tailplanes and a single vertical tail fin, the latter emanating from above and between the two exhaust ports. The dual-engine layout is aspirated by a pair of well-recessed, oblong air intakes fitted to either side (and aft) of the rear-most cockpit area. The undercarriage is fully retractable in the usual sense and consists of two single-wheeled main landing gear legs and a single-wheeled nose landing gear leg. As detailed below, the Yak-130 comes in a twin-seat form and a single-seat form, the latter for more dedicated roles.
The Yak-130 is powered by a pair of Progress AI-222-25 series turbofans with each installation rated up to 5,500lb of thrust. These supply the airframe with a listed top speed of 644 miles per hour (cruise speed is in the general vicinity of 550 miles per hour) while the aircraft's internal fuel allows for an operational range of 1,600 miles. Its pressurized cabin and high-thrust engines allows operations up to 42,600 feet. Rate-of-climb is a reported 10,000 feet-per-minute.
First flight of the Yak-130 was recorded on April 26th, 1996 and, after several years of extended testing, evaluation and finalization, the Yak-130 was formally introduced into service with the Russian Air Force in February of 2010 at the cost of $15 million per unit. To date, 27 aircraft have been delivered with 11 having since entered service with the Russian Air Force in July of 2009. Russia maintains a standing order of several dozen aircraft and is expected to procure several hundred before the end. It is noteworthy that one Yak-130 was already lost to accident in May of 2010 though both pilots were able to eject safely. Beyond its service with the Russian Air Force, the Yak-130 has piqued the interest of the air forces of Algeria, Vietnam and Syria with as many as a dozen more or so "potential" customers possibly upcoming (according to manufacturer Irkut). To date (2012), Algeria manages 16 of the type while Vietnam has put on order 8 examples. Syria stands to become the largest foreign operator of the aircraft (and is a long standing Soviet/Russian customer) and has settled on an order for 36 aircraft. However, current civil upheaval across the country now brings in doubt as to their actual deliverable status. Similarly, an order for six Yak-130 aircraft to Libya has been stalled when internal political events disrupted government functions in 2011. The purchase is in queue for formal review along with several other standing military orders by the transition government.
At any rate, the Yak-130 will come about at a time when many-an-air force will seek to update outgoing, outmoded aircraft of the same classification. For Uruguay this potentially means replacing their decades-old fleet of Cessna A-37 "Dragonfly" straight-wing, dual-role aircraft while, for the United States Air Force, this means formal retirement of their long-running Northrop T-38 Talon jet-powered trainers. The USAF was at one time mentioned as a potential customer for the Yak-130 derivative - the in-development Alenia Aermacchi M-346 "Master" - for its USAF T-X competition. While a long-shot to have made any progress in the upcoming competition, it has since been ruled out by Irkut. The deal would have been potentially massive, with 350 initial T-38 Talons being replaced and the final numbers could have reached 1,000 units in time. As it stands, the Yak-130/M-346 will not be in competition to become the USAF's next primary jet trainer - other potential candidates include the Lockheed/KAI T-50 "Golden Eagle" and the British BAe "Hawk" and Boeing is also said to be in the running with an all-new design. Saab is another mentioned party though while becoming a long shot to compete, their entry a possible Gripen-based design.
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December 2017 - It has been reported that Myanmar has received the first of its Yak-130 Advanced Jet Trainer aircraft for its air force service.
November 2018 - Bangladesh has received the first of its Yak-130 Advanced Jet Trainers as their air service modernization (tom be completed by 2030) continues.
Specifications
Yakovlev / Irkut Corporation - Russia Manufacturer(s)
SPECIAL-MISSION: AIRBORNE EARLY WARNING
Specially-equipped platform providing over-battlefield Command and Control (C2) capability for allied aerial elements.
VIP SERVICE
Used in the Very-Important-Person (VIP) passenger transport role, typically with above-average amenities and luxuries as standard.
INTELLIGENCE-SURVEILLANCE-RECONNAISSANCE
Surveil ground targets / target areas to assess environmental threat levels, enemy strength, or enemy movement.
TRAINING
Developed ability to be used as a dedicated trainer for student pilots (typically under the supervision of an instructor).
37.7 ft (11.50 meters) Length
31.8 ft (9.70 meters) Width/Span
15.6 ft (4.76 meters) Height
10,141 lb (4,600 kilograms) Empty Weight
22,708 lb (10,300 kilograms) Maximum Take-Off Weight
1 x 30mm GSh-301 OR 23mm GSh-23 cannon in underfuselage pod.
Mixed ordnance-carrying capability with support for Air-to-Air / Air-to-Surface Missiles (AAMs / ASMs), guided munitions, rocket pods, gun pods, conventional drop ordnance and jettisonable fuel tanks.
9 Hardpoints
Yak-130 ("Mitten") - Base Trainer Variant; tandem seating with dual control scheme.
AEM-130D - Demonstrator aircraft; model of 1996
Yak-131 - Single-Seat Light Strike Variant
Yak-133 - Proposed Dedicated Reconnaissance platform
Yak-133IB - Proposed Fighter-Bomber form
Yak-133PP - Proposed Electronic CounterMeasures (ECM) model.
Yak-133R - Proposed tactical reconnaissance variant
Yak-135 - Four-seat VIP transport variant
General Assessment
Firepower
Performance
Survivability
Versatility
Impact
Values are derrived from a variety of categories related to the design, overall function, and historical influence of this aircraft in aviation history.
Overall Rating
The overall rating takes into account over 60 individual factors related to this aircraft entry.
80
Rating is out of a possible 100 points.
Relative Maximum Speed
Hi: 750mph
Lo: 375mph
This entry's maximum listed speed (652mph).
Graph average of 563 miles-per-hour.
City-to-City Ranges
NYC
LON
LON
PAR
PAR
BER
BER
MOS
MOS
TOK
TOK
SYD
SYD
LAX
LAX
NYC
Operational range when compared to distances between major cities (in KM).
Max Altitude Visualization
Design Balance
The three qualities reflected above are altitude, speed, and range.
Aviation Era Span
Showcasing era cross-over of this aircraft design.
Unit Production (145)
145
36183
44000
Compared against Ilyushin IL-2 (military) and Cessna 172 (civilian).
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