The "Emergency Fighter Program" (EFP) was established by German Luftwaffe authorities on July 3rd, 1944 with the intention of bringing about a whole new generation of interceptor-fighter to counter the threat posed by British and American bombing raids. The raids had become a regular occurrence over Germany and German-held territories and had steadily wreaked havoc on industry, infrastructure, morale, and war-making facilities. The idea was to design, develop, and produce - in short order - aircraft of such capability that these could be used to stem the tide of the air war, if only for a short while.
The commitment to new interceptor-fighters meant that Germany had all but abandoned the pursuit of prop-driven, multi-engined bombers. In their place would be jet-powered bomber forms while much investment was to be given to new low-cost piston/rocket/jet powered fighters instead - the aircraft cleared to use any and all manner of propulsion schemes and firepower. The new fighter program ultimately yielded mixed results with the most successful entrant becoming the Heinkel He 162 "Volksjager" jet-powered single-seat, single-engine fighter (detailed elsewhere on this site) while many were left to languish on drawing boards, as wooden mockups, wind tunnel forms, or incomplete prototypes captured at the end of the war.
For Junkers, the EF 126 was a forgotten entry into the EFP. Like others of its kind, the aircraft was proposed with a single engine and single-seat cockpit while utilizing low-cost production processes. The design incorporated the cockpit under a bubble canopy over the nose of the aircraft with the engine, a pulse jet, seated over the dorsal spine of the fuselage suspended atop two support structures fore and aft. The Wing mainplanes would be situated at midships and be mid-mounted along the fuselage sides. The members were also straight in their general shape with no true sweep being added for high-speed flight. The overall shape of the fuselage would be of a slim teardrop for a strong aerodynamic quality.
The aircraft was to have an overall length of 27.8 feet with a wingspan reaching 21.9 feet and a height of 6.2 feet. Empty weight was listed at 2,425lb against an MTOW of 6,175lb. The proposed powerplant was a single Argus 109-044 pulse jet engine set to develop 1,100lb of thrust offering the airframe an estimated top speed of 485 miles per hour and a range out to 220 miles. The fast-burning engine would give about 20 to 45 minutes of flight time before expending its fuel supply but also offer the compact fighter a rate-of-climb nearing 94,000 feet-per-minute - and excellent quality for an interceptor to have.
Proposed armament was 2 x 20mm MG 151/20 autocannons which would have given the aircraft a good punch against Allied bombers. A secondary bombing role was also proposed with the airframe planned to carry up to 880lb of externally-held stores.
The EF 126 never materialized during the war as a viable solution for the EFP. However, the conquering Soviets captured the work already completed and furthered the project in the post-war period. As an unpowered aircraft (that is, lacking its pulse jet engine), the EF 126 achieve a "first flight" on May 21st, 1946 - this while under tow by a captured Junkers Ju 88 medium bomber. However, this example, designated the EF 126 V1 - crashed during its testing phase.
The EF 126 V2 was to become the second prototype but was never completed. The EF 126 V4, V5, and V6 were all forms completed with their pulse jets. The EF 126 was also used as the framework for the wartime "EF 127" - a heavily-reworked, rocket-powered version of the original pulse jet fighter. This design also managed to make little progress for its time and ultimately fell to the pages of aviation history.
(OPERATORS list includes past, present, and future operators when applicable)
✓Air-to-Air Combat, Fighter
General ability to actively engage other aircraft of similar form and function, typically through guns, missiles, and/or aerial rockets.
✓Interception
Ability to intercept inbound aerial threats by way of high-performance, typically speed and rate-of-climb.
✓Ground Attack (Bombing, Strafing)
Ability to conduct aerial bombing of ground targets by way of (but not limited to) guns, bombs, missiles, rockets, and the like.
✓X-Plane (Developmental, Prototype, Technology Demonstrator)
Aircraft developed for the role of prototyping, technology demonstration, or research / data collection.
Length
27.7 ft (8.45 m)
Width/Span
21.8 ft (6.65 m)
Height
6.2 ft (1.90 m)
Empty Wgt
2,425 lb (1,100 kg)
MTOW
6,173 lb (2,800 kg)
Wgt Diff
+3,748 lb (+1,700 kg)
(Showcased structural values pertain to the Junkers Ju EF 126 V1 production variant)
Installed:
1 x Argus 109-044 pulse jet engine developing 1,100 lb of thrust.
OPTIONAL:
Up to 880lb of externally-held conventional drop bombs.
Supported Types
(Not all ordnance types may be represented in the showcase above)
Hardpoint Mountings: 2
EF 126 - Base Series Designation
EF 126 V1 - Initial prototype; completed and flown sans engine.
EF 126 V2 - Second prototype; not completed.
EF 126 V3 - Completed with planned Argus pulsejet engine.
EF 126 V4 - Completed with planned Argus pulsejet engine.
EF 126 V5 - Completed with planned Argus pulsejet engine.
EF 127 - Reworked rocket-powered form based in the Ef 126 pulse jet model.
General Assessment
Firepower
Performance
Survivability
Versatility
Impact
Values are derrived from a variety of categories related to the design, overall function, and historical influence of this aircraft in aviation history.
Overall Rating
The overall rating takes into account over 60 individual factors related to this aircraft entry.
26
Rating is out of a possible 100 points.
Relative Maximum Speed
Hi: 500mph
Lo: 250mph
This entry's maximum listed speed (485mph).
Graph average of 375 miles-per-hour.
City-to-City Ranges
NYC
LON
LON
PAR
PAR
BER
BER
MOS
MOS
TOK
TOK
SYD
SYD
LAX
LAX
NYC
Junkers Ju EF 126 V1 operational range when compared to distances between major cities (in KM).
Max Altitude Visualization
Design Balance
The 3 qualities we look at for a balanced aircraft design are altitude, speed, and range.
Aviation Era Span
Showcasing era cross-over of this aircraft design.
Unit Production (1)
1
36183
44000
This entry's total production compared against the most-produced military and civilian aircraft types in history (Ilyushin IL-2 and Cessna 172, respectively).
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Ribbon graphics not necessarily indicative of actual historical campaign ribbons. Ribbons are clickable to their respective aerial campaigns / operations / aviation periods.
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Nazi Germany; Soviet Union
