Junkers Ju 488

Heavy Strategic Bomber Prototype Aircraft [ 1944 ]

The Junkers Ju 488 four-engined heavy bomber only reached the prototyping stage before the end of World War 2.

Authored By: Staff Writer | Last Edited: 06/14/2018 | Content ©www.MilitaryFactory.com | The following text is exclusive to this site.

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The German concern of Junkers took on many aircraft projects during, and before to the end, of World War 2 (1939-1945). As the Luftwaffe lacked any real competing heavy bomber for which to reach long range Allied targets much investment was made in delivering a suitable heavy bombing platform for such work prior to the end of the conflict. The Ju 488 was one development stemming from work on the preceding Ju 188, Ju 288 and Ju 388 designs - however it did not see progress beyond a group of incomplete prototypes by war's end.

The finalized form of the Ju 488 was given a length of 23.25 meters, a wingspan of 31.3 meters and a height of 6 meters. Empty weight was rated at 46,300 pounds against a Maximum Take-Off Weight (MTOW) nearing 79,370 pounds. Its operating crew would number three and standard armament would be a dorsal-mounted, remotely-controlled turret armed with 2 x 20mm MG 151 cannons along with a remotely-controlled tail turret fitting 2 x 13mm MG 131heavy machine guns. These were presented as strictly defensive fixtures to engage any intercepting / trailing fighters threatening the large aircraft. An internal bomb bay would hold up to 11,025 lb of conventional drop stores.

Power was through 4 x Junkers Jumo 222A / B-3 24-cylinder, liquid-cooled engines developing 2,500 horsepower at take-off. Engineers estimated a top speed of 430 miles per hour with a cruising speed nearing 305 miles per hour, a range out to 2,110 miles, a service ceiling of 37,240 feet and a rate-of-climb of 550 feet per second. Originally, the aircraft was intended to carry 4 x BMW 801J series radial engines but this design element was eventually abandoned.

The overall design of the large bomber was consistent with previous Junkers offerings - a heavily glazed nose section was used with a long, slender fuselage and twin-finned tail unit. The undercarriage would be a tail-dragger arrangement and wings low-mounted along the fuselage sides, each fitted with a pair of engine nacelles along the leading edge and wingtips noticeably tapered to become points. The dorsal cannon armament was set just aft of midships and the tail armament nestled between the two tail fins and aft of the horizontal plane section.

Junkers brought along the Ju 488 as something of a "mutt" design utilizing existing primary components of its earlier aircraft to hasten development work. The design did enough convincing with Luftwaffe authorities that the project was allowed to be furthered and this produced the V401 and V402 prototypes which saw their fuselages being constructed in Axis-controlled France (Toulouse) during early 1944. This exposed the project to sabotage but it was forced on the Germans because of the relentless bombing campaign by the Allies over German soil - its local factories under constant threat. Prototypes V403 and V406 were then added to the development stable. Prototype V401 was damaged severely by French resistance elements during July 1944 which delayed the program considerably while progress on V403 and V406 itself proved slow enough that none of the expected prototypes ever saw the light of day. The Allied advance on the ground also played a role in the demise of the Ju 488 as its completed parts were forced to be relocated to Bernburg by rail. The forward fuselage of prototype V402 was found later by Allied forces as they made their way through France.

All of these factors, coupled with the thinking that a large, four-engined heavy bomber was no longer needed by the Luftwaffe, led to the program's formal cancellation coming before the end of 1944.

Initial production bombers would have carried the Ju 488A designation.©MilitaryFactory.com

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Specifications

Service Year

1944

Origin

Nazi Germany

Status

CANCELLED
Development Ended.

Crew

3

Production

0
UNITS

Junkers - Nazi Germany

(View other Aviaton-Related Manufacturers)

Nazi Germany (cancelled)

(OPERATORS list includes past, present, and future operators when applicable)

✓ Ground Attack (Bombing, Strafing)
Ability to conduct aerial bombing of ground targets by way of (but not limited to) guns, bombs, missiles, rockets, and the like.

✓ X-Plane (Developmental, Prototype, Technology Demonstrator)
Aircraft developed for the role of prototyping, technology demonstration, or research / data collection.

Length

76.3 ft
(23.25 m)

Width/Span

102.7 ft
(31.30 m)

Height

20.0 ft
(6.10 m)

Empty Wgt

46,297 lb
(21,000 kg)

MTOW

79,366 lb
(36,000 kg)

Wgt Diff

+33,069 lb
(+15,000 kg)

(Showcased structural values pertain to the base Junkers Ju 488 production variant)

Installed: 4 x Junkers Jumo 222A-3 / B-3 24-cylinder liquid-cooled inline piston engines developing 2,500 horsepower each.

Max Speed

429 mph
(690 kph | 373 kts)

Ceiling

37,238 ft
(11,350 m | 7 mi)

Range

2,113 mi
(3,400 km | 6,297 nm)

Rate-of-Climb

550 ft/min
(168 m/min)

♦ MACH Regime (Sonic)

Sub

Trans

Super

Hyper

HiHyper

ReEntry

♦

(Showcased performance specifications pertain to the base Junkers Ju 488 production variant. Performance specifications showcased above are subject to environmental factors as well as aircraft configuration. Estimates are made when Real Data not available. Compare this aircraft entry against any other in our database or View aircraft by powerplant type)

STANDARD:
2 x 20mm MG 151 cannons in remote-controlled dorsal turret.
2 x 13mm MG 131 machine guns in remote-controlled tail turret.

OPTIONAL:
Up to 5,000lb of conventional drop stores held in an internal bomb bay.

Supported Types

Graphical image of an aircraft medium machine gun

Graphical image of an aircraft automatic cannon

Graphical image of an aircraft conventional drop bomb munition

(Not all ordnance types may be represented in the showcase above)

Hardpoint Mountings: 0

Ju 488 - Base Series Name; four incomplete prototypes

Ju 488A - Proposed designation for initial production batch aircraft.

General Assessment

Firepower

Performance

Survivability

Versatility

Impact

Values are derrived from a variety of categories related to the design, overall function, and historical influence of this aircraft in aviation history.

Overall Rating

The overall rating takes into account over 60 individual factors related to this aircraft entry.

32

Rating is out of a possible 100 points.

Relative Maximum Speed

Hi: 500mph

Lo: 250mph

This entry's maximum listed speed (429mph).

Graph average of 375 miles-per-hour.

City-to-City Ranges

NYC

LON

PAR

BER

MOS

TOK

SYD

LAX

NYC

Junkers Ju 488 operational range when compared to distances between major cities (in KM).

Max Altitude Visualization

Design Balance

The three qualities reflected above are altitude, speed, and range.

Aviation Era Span

Showcasing era cross-over of this aircraft design.

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