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Rifle R1 Battle Rifle (1960)

Authored By Dan Alex | Last Updated: 5/23/2012

The R1 Battle Rifle was nothing more than the Fabrique National FN-FAL locally-produced under license in South Africa.

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In need of a modern automatic service rifle, the South African government trialed the American AR-10 rifle, the West German G3 rifle and the Belgian FN FAL battle rifle and decided that the FN FAL most fit the needs of the South African Defense Force. As such, local-production facilities were set up by the mid-1950s to produce the Belgian product under license. Lyttleton Engineering Works (now Denel Land Systems) was created as a result (with British assistance) and manufacture of the FN FAL began under the designation of "Rifle R1". The rifle was formally adopted in 1960.

The R1 was essentially a South African copy of the Belgian battle rifle design including overall dimensions, construction methodology and performance specifications. It proved a hardy weapon for the bush wars required of it and was as reliable and well-liked as its foreign counterpart. As it followed the FN FAL to a tee, the R1 was also chambered for the large and powerful 7.62x51mm NATO standard cartridge which gave it good accuracy and penetration abilities at range. The firing action remained the widely accepted gas-operated, tilting breachblock system and the R1 fired from a 20-round straight detachable box magazine as in the FN FAL. Sighting was through an aperture rear sight and front post sight out to 600 meters. Some 30,000 South African R1 rifle examples were also shipped to purchasing Rhodesia.

Over time, production and operational use of the R1 broadened considerably to the point that the rifle family line incorporated various other useful guises. While the family already included the base R1 service rifle, there soon came the "R2" with its folding buttstock for a more compact offering. This was followed by the "R3" with its semi-automatic fire only mode (intended for police and security forces), the "R1HB" with its heavy barrel and bipod for the squad-level fire suppression role, the "R1 Sniper" accurized repeating fire weapon system and the "R1 Para Carbine" with its integrated IR sight, shortened barrel and more compact length.

The "R4" of 1975, while following the same designation pattern of the R1 before it, was based on the Israeli Galil assault rifle, the "R5" being a shortened carbine form of said model.
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Picture of Rifle R1
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Specifications for the
Rifle R1
Battle Rifle


Country of Origin: South Africa
Manufacturer: Lyttleton Engineering Works - South Africa
Initial Year of Service: 1960


Overall Length: 1053mm (41.46in)
Barrel Length: 533.00mm (20.98in)
Weight (Empty): 9.50lbs (4.31kg)


Cartridge: 7.62x51mm NATO
Action: Gas-Operated
Feed: 20- or 30-round detachable box magazine
Muzzle Velocity: 2,800ft/sec (853m/sec)
Rate-of-Fire: 675 rounds per minute
Range: 1,968ft (600m; 656yds)
Sights: Adjustable Iron; Optional Optics


Variants:
R1 - Base Series Designation


R1HB - Heavy Barrel version with bipod for use as a squad automatic weapon (SAW).

R1 Sniper - Accurized semi-automatic sharpshooter's rifle.

R1 Para Carbine - Shortened compact form with IR sighting device.

R2 - Folding buttstock version of the base R1 service rifle.

R3 - Semi-automatic fire only for use by police forces.


Operators:
Rhodesia; South Africa

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Most photographic images appearing on this site are courtesy of the United States Department of Defense and are approved for public use. Other images acquired through the public domain. Digital art work courtesy of Dan Alex. Business Consulting by Kyle Williams. Material presented throughout this website is for historical and entertainment value and should not to be construed as usable for hardware restoration, maintenance or general operation. Please consult manufacturers for such information.


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