Standard J

Biplane Trainer Aircraft

United States | 1917

"The Standard J-1 spent much of its career playing second-fiddle to the Curtiss Jenny and was a product of the American effort of World War 1."

Image from the National Museum of the United States Air Force, Dayton, Ohio.

Power & Performance
Those special qualities that separate one aircraft design from another. Performance specifications presented assume optimal operating conditions for the Standard J-1 Biplane Trainer Aircraft.

1 x Hall-Scott A-7 air-cooled engine developing 100 horsepower and driving two-bladed wooden propeller at the nose.
Propulsion

68 mph
109 kph | 59 kts
Max Speed

5,807 ft
1,770 m | 1 miles
Service Ceiling

351 miles
565 km | 305 nm
Operational Range

260 ft/min
79 m/min
Rate-of-Climb

Structure
The nose-to-tail, wingtip-to-wingtip physical qualities of the Standard J-1 Biplane Trainer Aircraft.

2
(MANNED)
Crew

26.6 ft
8.10 m
O/A Length

44.0 ft
(13.40 m)
O/A Width

10.8 ft
(3.30 m)
O/A Height

1,356 lb
(615 kg)
Empty Weight

1,951 lb
(885 kg)
MTOW

Variants
Notable series variants as part of the Standard J family line.

J - Base Series Designation

J-1 - U.S. Army trainer model

SJ-1 - U.S. Army advanced pilot trainer.

JR-1 - Mailcarrier variant

JR-1B / E-4 - Mailcarrier variant

Night Mail - Curtiss conversion of 1922 to mailplane carrier; six examples completed.

L.S.5 - Licoln Standard J-1 with seating for four in open-air cockpit.

Nicholas-Beazley-Standard - J-1 modification by Nicholas-Beazley Airplane Company.

Standard / Standard SJ - Civilian trainer by Sikorsky.

Authored By: Staff Writer | Last Edited: 08/24/2018 | Content ©www.MilitaryFactory.com | The following text is exclusive to this site; No A.I. was used in the generation of this content.

Trainer aircraft types typically maintain service lives longer than their combat-minded brethren for these designs typically center on reliability and long-term use / abuse in the hands of student pilots. During World War 1 (1914-1918), the United States utilized several biplane models for the role of bringing up the next generation of military flyer. One of the series available became the Standard "J", a two-bay, twin-seat, single engine biplane which saw production reach over 1,600 units. The J did not fare as well as the competing Curtiss JN-1 "Jenny" (detailed elsewhere on this site) but saw extended service in private hands after the war - some through modifications of the base design.

The J was born from the earlier "Sloan H" family of biplanes engineered by Charles Day. This design was then carried under the Standard Aero Corporation brand label and became the focus of U.S. military efforts as its eventual involvement in World War 1 continued to grow. After a first-flight occurring in 1916, the evolved "J-1", with its four-cylinder Hall-Scott engine in the nose, was taken on by the U.S. Army. In time, competitors Dayton-Wright, Fisher, and Wright-Martin all got in on the production run of the J-1.

The J-series biplanes followed conventional design philosophies of the time. The student and instructor were seated in tandem open-air cockpits with basic instruments set ahead of them on a wood panel. Wire-bracing was used for reinforcement of the wood members and canvas skinning was prevalent. The wing mainplanes were of unequal span (the upper unit wider than the lower) and two bays were made from the parallel strutworks. The undercarriage included two wheeled main legs and a wooden tail skid. The primary engine fit was the Hall-Scott A-7 air-cooled straight-4 engine developing 100 horsepower and driving a two-bladed wooden propeller at the nose. The fuel stores were held in the forward section of the aircraft, set between the forward cockpit and the engine compartment.

Performance-wide, the J-series could hope to reach a maximum speed of 68 miles per hour and range out to 350 miles. Reaching 2,600 feet took some ten minutes.

The SJ-1 was a variant which introduced another pair of wheels set forward to help prevent "nose over" accidents. The JR-1 was designated an advanced trainer platform for the Army.

In practice, the J series was doomed by its relatively unreliable engine fit which was known to shake the aircraft to the extreme. The popularity of the "Jenny" soon surpassed the desire to purchase more J biplane trainers and, by mid-June of 1918, the Army fleet was purposely grounded as the Jenny line took over the role en mass.

In the post-war period, the J series was purchased from surplus, many still unused, and operated as mail carriers (JR-1B / E-4), barnstormers, student trainers, and privately-owned aircraft. Several interesting developments of the time included the "Lincoln Standard L.S.5" which incorporated a seating for four and the "Ryan Standard" which brought about an enclosed passenger cabin.

The J-series was never exported.

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Operators
Global customers who have evaluated and/or operated the Standard J. Nations are displayed by flag, each linked to their respective national aircraft listing.

Total Production: 1,605 Units
Contractor(s): Standard Aircraft Company / Dayton-Wright / Fisher Body / Wright-Martin - USA

[ United States (retired) ]

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Image from the National Museum of the United States Air Force, Dayton, Ohio.

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Image from the National Museum of the United States Air Force, Dayton, Ohio.

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Image from the National Museum of the United States Air Force, Dayton, Ohio.

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Going Further...
The Standard J Biplane Trainer Aircraft appears in the following collections:

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