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Martin MB-1 / Glenn Martin Bomber Reconnaissance / Bomber Aircraft (1918)

Authored By Staff Writer | Last Updated: 9/26/2009

Only nine Martin MB-1 series bombers were completed before the end of hostilities in World War 1.

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The Martin MB-1 (also known as the "Glenn Martin Bomber") became the first American-designed heavy bomber type to be purchased in quantity in the First World War, becoming the mainstay of the United States Army Air Service (USAAS) for a time. The system was a two-engine bomber of indigenous creation (previous US bombers were simply license production derivatives of European origin) and was designed by the Glenn Martin Company. In the end, only nine full-operational systems would become available by war's end but the type would soldier on until being replaced in 1920 by the more capable Martin MB-2 series.

Power was derived from two Liberty 12-A engines mounted between the upper and lower wing assemblies. Each engine developed a reported 400 horsepower and straddled the fuselage where three to four crewmembers were called upon to man the various open-cockpit stations. Armament was defensive and was made up of no fewer than 5 x 7.62mm machine guns in various positions about the fuselage including the bow nose mount. Offensive firepower consisted of up to 2,000lbs of ordnance. The undercarriage was of a fixed type and consisted of four wheels. First production examples were received in October of 1918.

The MB-1 was designed to replace the Handley-Page O/400 bomber series of British design and the Caproni bomber series of Italian design. The MB-1 came about at a time when the United States depended heavily on the purchase of foreign designs or all-out completed production models to maintain a workable military presence so the arrival of the MB-1 was quite a historic footnote for the nation. The system was called upon to fulfill the primary role of reconnaissance platform with a secondary role as a dedicated bomber. It would serve only a few short years in a military capacity before being replaced in frontline service by the aforementioned MB-2 series, which was in essence a further developed version of the MB-1 series.

A few modified MB-1 models existed and are worthy of note. These include an MB-1 with a 37mm cannon mounted in the 7.62mm bow-mount machine gun position. This particular MB-1 is designated as the GMC for "Glenn Martin Canon" and known by the serial AS62951. Additionally, the MB-1 with serial AS39059 sported a third Hispano-Suiza engine in the nose. A ten-passenger model existed as the GMP ("Glen Martin Passenger"). The MB-1 also served for a time as a mail carrier plane in the form of the T-1 in the post-war years.
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Specifications for the
Martin MB-1 / Glenn Martin Bomber
Reconnaissance / Bomber Aircraft


Country of Origin: United States
Manufacturer: Glenn Martin Company - USA
Initial Year of Service: 1918
Production: 22


Focus Model: Martin MB-1 / Glenn Martin Bomber
Crew: 3 - 4


Length: 44.09ft (13.44m)
Width: 71.49ft (21.79m)
Height: 14.70ft (4.48m)
Weight (Empty): 0lbs (0kg)
Weight (MTOW): 10,223lbs (4,637kg)


Powerplant: 2 x Liberty 12-A engines developing 400hp each.


Maximum Speed: 104mph (168kmh; 91kts)
Maximum Range: 390miles (627km)
Service Ceiling: 12,247ft (3,733m; 2.3miles)
Rate-of-Climb: 0 feet per minute (0m/min)


Hardpoints: 8
Armament Suite:
STANDARD:
2 x 7.62mm Lewis machien guns in bow position
2 x 7.62mm Lewis machine guns in upper rear fuselage.
1 x 7.62mm Lewis machine gun in lower rear fuselage.

OPTIONAL:
Up to 2,000lbs of ordnance


Variants:
MB-1 - Martin Company Designation / Military Designation.


GMB "Glen Martin Bomber" - United States Army Air Service designation for MB-1 series.

GMT "Glenn Martin Transcontinental" - Fitted with fuel tanks for increased range.

GMC "Glen Martin Canon" - Fitted with 1 x 37mm cannon replacing bow-mounted 7.62mm machine gun.

GMP "Glenn Martin Passenger" - Accommodations for up to 10 passengers; redesignated to T-1.

MBT "Martin Bombers - Torpedo" - Torpedo Bomber Variant; used by the United States Navy.

MT "Martin Torpedo" - Used by the United States Navy; based on MB-1 system with wing assembly of MB-2 bombers; redesignated to TM-1.

T-1 - GMP Redesignation

TM-1 - MT Redesignation

MB-1 / NBS-1 - "Improved" MB-1 Model Series


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