Vought F-8 Crusader

The Vought-produced F-8 Crusader was a direct response to a Navy need for a supersonic carrier-based fighter platform. Utilizing nearly the identical powerplant of the F-100 Super Sabre, the F-8 Crusader became the world's first carrier-based aircraft to break the speed of sound. Appearing like a conglomeration of the F-100 Super Sabre and A-7 Corsair II, the F-8 Crusader featured an elongated fuselage with a high wing assembly. A single rudder sat atop the powerplant that, in the end, would go on to generate 18,000 lbs of thrust with afterburn capability. The F-8 Crusader was piloted by a single crewmember and fitted with a standard array of weapons for air-to-air and air-to-surface duty. The system would go on to see combat action in the skies over Vietnam with the United States Marine Corps and the United States Navy.

Of eight initial submissions, the Vought F-8 was selected by the United States Navy for prototype development. Carrier operations required specialized subsystems of aircraft, none more so important than the ability to take off from a short distance, have an integrated tailhook system for short-based landings and feature reinforced landing gear systems capable of withstanding the force of carrier-based landings. The F-8 Crusader fit the bill with the initial production version billed as the F8U-1.

The F8U-1 featured additional underwing-based missile rails, a feature not found on the initial prototypes. The aircraft itself proved quite capable of supersonic flight and set various speed and endurance records in its infancy. In fact, it would be future astronaut and future United States Senator John Glenn would pilot a reconnaissance version from one coast to the other in just over 3 hours. 1962 saw the United States Navy adapt the more accepted aircraft designation system of the United States Air Force. Thusly all Crusader variants would inherit new designations based on this change.

The F-8 Crusader sought to overcome a few engineering issues. Most notably was weight incurred from integrated folding wings for carrier storage, arrestor hook landing system and the reinforced landing gear components. The F-8 was engineering with a special tilting wing assembly that could move up 7 degrees from its resting position. This minor movement allowed the Crusader the ability to achieve the short take off and landings consistent with carrier operations.

The United States Navy and the United States Marines both utilized the F-8 Crusader in the Vietnam War, with its first use of combat on August 2 or 1964. After an attack by four North Vietnamese patrol boats on the USS Destroyer Maddox, four Crusaders dispatched from the USS Ticonderoga were able to sink one of the escaping vessels. The US Navy would go on to utilize the Crusader in more of a traditional dogfighting interceptor role whilst the US Marines operated it as a strike / attack aircraft.

In the end, the Crusader proved its worth and investment through action and resiliency. The F-8 would see frontline service for over four decades. The French Navy - Aeronavale - received a specially produced export version designated as the F-8E(FN). This system featured blown flaps to assist the aircraft in landing and taking off from the shorter and smaller French-made carriers. Fourty-two such examples were produced. France would eventually replace their F-8 Crusaders with the more modern Rafale fighters from 2000 onwards, being the last official operators of the F-8 weapon system.

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Last Revision: 9/18/2009

1957

Designation: Vought F-8 Crusader
Classification Type: Carrier-Borne Fighter
Contractor: Vought - USA
Country of Origin: United States
Production Total: 1,261